two or more esters, trans-esterification is also possible. Additionally, the water-based air freshener particles are larger in diameter than those of anhydrous products. They can fall out of tranquil air more rapidly. To some degree, this can limit the ability of deodorizer ingredients to contact airborne malodors. A number of niche air fresheners still remain anhydrous, typically using HFC- 152a (1,1-difluoromethane) and non-VOC (volatile organic compounds) diluents to produce excellent sprays. The interest in developing ester-based deodorizers has remained strong. A large number of U.S. patents, “white papers” and sales promotional articles have been produced, with some covering a surprisingly large number of esters and even some related compounds. For instance, U.S. Patent 6,197,288, to Bush Boake Allen, Inc., describes geranyl, citronellyl and benzyl esters, shown to be effective against H2S, thiols, bad breath and other odors by a variety of subjective tests. In U.S. Patent 3,493,658 to the Universal Oil Products Co., the deodorizer citronellyl senecionate claims to react chemically with many functional groups found in tobacco smoke, fish odors, etc. while not affecting formulated fragrances. Air fresheners using 0.5% of the deodorizer were very effective. Belle-Aire Fragrances’ Ordenone 80468 consists of about a 50% solution of the methyl ester of rosin in dipropylene glycol. Somewhat similar to Meelium, the deodorizer is a mixture typified by the polyhydrophenanthrolene structure shown to the left. The supplier reports that Ordenone 80468 is odorless, insoluble in water, compatible with fragrances and may act by surrounding malodors. Levels of 0.05 to 1.00% are recommended for air fresheners. A number of higher aldehydes have been advocated as deodorizers. The most publicized one is 3,5,5-trimethylhexanal or Vandor B. (94% min.) by the then-Van Ameringen Haebler Division of International Flavors & Fragrance (IFF). Developed around 1949, it was used extensively in the Korean War to improve the odor in sick-rooms and in planes carrying wounded servicemen to places like Pearl Harbor for more sophisticated medical treatment. Later, it was used by a few major marketers in air fresheners, but at only about 0.035% since it has an intense cut-grass odor. Other deodorizers, such as Metazene, are often included. The product must be inhibited against oxidation by adding up to 0.5% hydroquinone or certain phenolics. Less important counterparts are 4,6,6-trimethylheptanal and gamma-cyclohexylcrotonaldehyde. A number of U.S. Patents report studies related to aldehydic deodorizers. Patent 5,795,566, assigned to Robertet S.A. (France), claims synergistic mixtures that include (for example) aliphatic aldehydes and alpha-unsaturated aldehydes. The theoretical number of combinations is staggering. A typical pair is decanal and cinnamic aldehyde. Patents also describe other classes of deodorizers. In WO/2009/030059, to Givaudan S.A. (France), dimethylcyclohexyl derivatives with various meta side-chains with at least one chiral center are discussed. An example is 2-(1-(dimethylcyclohexyl) etethanol, particularly effective against hexylamine and allyldisulfide malodors. Alcohol-based deodorizers are considered in U.S. Patent 4,110,430, to Haarmann & Reimer GmbH. 28 Spray October2015
Spray October2015
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